Color photography



Aug'. T9; T924. y 1,505,787

w. v. D. KELLEY COLOR PHOTOGRAPHY Filed oct. z, 1923 /Pea/ W/w' e /acA' ""mlillllllilllll 2:17* l0 BY ,f VLM E 7 ATroRNEY =iso Patented Aug. 19, 1924.

UNITED vSTATES inxrlarrrl orpi-'1c WILLIAM D. KEIJIEY, 0F JERSEY CITY, NEW JEQRSEY.

coma riofroenarm.

pplicationled Uetober 2,1923. Serial No. 686,070.

.of Hudson, State of' New Jersey (Whose post-oilice address is 43 Townele Street, Jersey' City, New Jersey), have invented a new and useful Improvement in Color Photography, of-whicli the following is a specilicatio'n. y

This invention relates tophotography and particularlyl to color photography.

y A principal object of this invention is the production von a carrier o,f a 'composite photograpliic image of a subject which when viewed by transmitted light or as projected on a screen will exhibit an image fairly comparable'in general characteristics with an ordinary black and white hotographic ima e of that subject and wil in addition exhi `it -a fairly Aapproximate true color value of at least one color of the subject or two lsubstantially complementary or perhaps three colors of the sub'ect corresponding to the three fundamental primary colors of the'solar spectrum.

A further object of this invention is the formation of a roduct as hereinbefore specified which wil appear in a sigle coating on one side only of a carrier.

Other objects and advantages will appearV as the description of the invention land particular specific applications of the principle of the invention proceeds and the novel features will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In vdescribing the invention in detail` and particular specific applications of the inventionselected for the purpose of illustrating the principle of the invention, reference will' be had to the accompanying schematic drawings and the characters of reference thereon designating like parts in the several views, and iii=which' 'Figure 1, isa schematic illustration of a colored subject:

. Fig. 2 is a'red'filter negative Vof Fig. 1;

Fig. 3, is a. bliifi-green'` filter negative of Fig. 1; Fig. 4, is a positive of Fig.- 2; Fig. 5, is a` positive of Fig. 3; Fig. 6, is'

' out what IV term a red printing ne ative made from rednegative Fig-52 an blue-green positive Fig. 5, used successively; Fig. 7, is a red printing negative made from bluegreen'negative, Fig. 3, and red positive, Fig.

2 superimposed; Fig. 8, is a blue-green printing negative made from blue-green negative, Fig. 3 and red positive Fig. 4,

used successively;- Fig. 9 is a blue-greenprintin negative made from blue-green p ositive, ig. 5 and red negative, Fig. 2, superimposed; Fig. 10 is an illustration of a final product. A. ,l

For the purposeof explaining the `principle of my' inventionl and the application have illustrated by Fig. 1 of the drawings. This subject isto be considered as, being colored in the areas shown', as red, white,

black, blue and green and as indicated on the drawing.

,In carrying out my invention first make vcolor selection negatives of the subject, Fig.

thereof I have selected'a subject which I' blind to certain A finished product I likewise ma e 'two v m color selection negatives. If I desire three then I make three color selection negatives g a blue filter, a green iilter and a red filter.

In a plying my invention to single or'- three color work 'I would iirst produce the colors t'o. appear lin my finished product` three color` selection negatives hereinbefore mentioned. The production of negatives ,such as Yhasbeen herein 4 is an Y thoroughly understood by those in this art, both when made by successive or simultaneous exposure and' for either s till or' motion pictures, and further explanation operation .well and? claim to novelty in the` color selection negatives per se.

I desire to point out at this place that once the principle and mode of operation of my invention'as applied to single or two color Work is understood, any one skilled in the art to which this invention appertains may then readily apply the same to three color Work, consequently in the further description of my invention-reference to three color Work`Wil1 be made only in .so far as to specifically connect it in principle with single or two color Work. A

Having obtained the two color selection negatives Figs. 1 and 2, I then, in the well known manner form finished positives from each of these, obtaining' the positive illustrated by Fig. 4 from the.

negative, Fig. 2, and the positive, Fig. 5,

from Fig. 3. i

AAs my finished'produrt is to exhibit the general characteristics of a-black and white image a foundation for my color, I must' select or produce a carrierbearing such image.' For this foundation image, or key image7 I may select the image of Fig. 4 or of Fig. 5, as suitable for my purpose, thereby avoiding the making of the ordinary and Well known usual black and white image negative and print therefrom of the subject Fjig. 1. I may obtain a perhaps better result' than that obtained by usino either Fig. 4, or Fig. 5 for my key image and still avoid making another negative directly from theisubject by making a print using Figs. 2 and 3 together superimposed.

In any event I prefer to make any black l scribed.

and white positive image by printing through the back of the carrier. If this is done and proper precautions taken as is Well understood in the art, then I may have a minimum of reduced silver at the surface of the gelatine, that is the surface of the gelatine remote from the carrier, and consequently I assist in avoiding as much as possible the hardening `of the gelatinegby the developing process and so leave the gelatine rin better condition to take upl the color in the later steps lof my process by imbibition, as will be eX/pl'ained more at length. l

Regardless of what I vselect or produce for the foundation or key image I must combine With that key image a single color, two colors or three `colors. The means `which VI adopt for combining or applying color or' colors to my key image will nexta be de- The first stepin the color branch of my invention is, When a single color product is desired, to make a print in which an area of the gelatine corresponding to the area desigfnated, Red, in the subject, will be diiferentiated from the gelatine in the other areas corresponding to the other areas of the sub- I may print using blue-green negative Fig. f

3 and red positive, Fig. 4, superimposed,V producing Fig. 7. Printing negative Fig. 6 is a print in which the only clear gelatine is a record of the red color`only of 'the subject, Fig. 1, and Fig. 7 is a print in which the area containing reduced silver is a record also'of the red color only of the subject Fig. l'. It should also be observed that the printing negative Fig. V7, may be produced by printing directly from Fig. 6, and viceversa. I also desire to state thatespecially in motion picture work, if the blue-green iilter negatives are made in one strip and the red lilterV negatives in another strip, then a positive may be made from either by a reversal of the original negative strip. By doing this the etl'ects of shrinkage are obviated during the printing operation as the positive and negative will register exactly. 1

If I use Fig. 6 to produce color on my key image carrier I Will first harden the gelatine in a manner well known to those skilled inthe art, Whereverthere is reduced silver present. This hardening process is Well known to those skilled in this art, as shown by the United States patents to Fox, N o. 1,187 ,421 granted June 13, 1916, and to Donisthrope, No. 1,193,879 granted March 26, 1914.

After hardening, the printing negative will be dyed in a manner well known to those skilled in the art, the negative taking up dye only where the gelatine is unhardened or soft, that is Where clear or in other words, Where there is no changed light sensitive.

rr material as fully explained in the Fox and Donisthrope patents, supra. After the printing negative is dyed it may be pressed inte contact with. the gelatine carrying the key image and while in registry, in a manner well known to those skilled in the art, whereupon the gelatine Will take up the dye in"115 is Well understood. This mechanical printing or imbibition is full i described in Practical, Color Photograp by E. J. Wall, copyrighted in 1922.

If I use Fig. 7, tov produce color on my key image carrier I will proceed preferably by forming a relief. In order to form this relief I may proceed in any of the Ways l supra, but I prefer to take the necessaryl steps for formin this relief as I develo that is in developlng the latent image Whic results in printing negative Fig. 7, I make use preferably of the developm bath set forth on page 92, of Practical olor Photography, and then proceed preferably as specified in the above mentioned work using Warm water to wash away the soluble elatine. I then dye the printing 'negative ig. 7 and press the same in contact with the gelatine carrying the key image, producing a result comparable with that obtained by using Fig. 6.

If I desire a two color roduct, then I, in comparable manner orm blueprinting ne atives Figs. 8 and 9. Fig. 8, will be ma e fromthe blueeen negative Fig. 3, and the red positive, Fig. 4, by printing successively, and Fig. 9 will be made from the blue-green positive, Fig. '5 and I the red negative Fig. 2',` superimposed. It

y Figs. 8 and 9, and bearing vthe red printing ne ative,

is also to be observed that the printing negative illustrated by Fi 9 may be made directly from Fig. 8 an vice versa. I

Having obtainedl myl printing negatives,

may preferably speciall evelop Fig. 9, I preferably proceed `wisth these rintin negatives just as with Figs. 6 an 7 an press either one ofl them in contact with the gelatine-bearing my key ima e 'which has already been tinted red,so t at I thereb obtain as a final product, a two color'pro uct, which may be illustrated as by Fig. 10.

If I desire a three color roduct then for preferably use the red negative an green positive successively; for the green printing negative the green negative and red positive used successively; and for the blue printing negaitve the blue negative and red orv n positive used successively. This wou d 'give me printing negatives comparable with Figs.j-6 -v and 8. For relief printing negatives "Ik would use preferably for the red printing negatives, a 'green n ative and a red positive, superimposed; eigor the green printingV negative, a green sitive and red ne tive an for the blue prmtin negative, a blue positive and a green or r the emulsion or elatine coating and refer? uis n preferably print through the bac n e ative superim sed.

making re ief printing neatives I carrier, that is the side which does not carry ably use an em ion containing a l restraining d e suoli' as safranine or tartrazine, where y Iobtain -a low relief and one which is supported best by the carrier after I have washed away the soluble gelatine in -warm water.

" A result which is-usable ma be had fully lexposing through the bac and giving een - acid and basic dyes may be utilized. A finished prmt made in the manner set in mind that I ofthea short development in a developer contain-l suitable for this dyeing operation' are,..

Guinee een, which is a sodium salt of diethyldibenzyl-dialnido-triphenyl-arbinoltrisulphonic acid, Ponceau R, which is a sodium salt of Xylene-azo-B-naphthol-disulphonic acid Crocein scarlet 4 BX, which is a sodium salt of p-sulphonaphthalene-azo-B na hthol-disulphonic acid. If gelatine relie matrices are used then either or both forth is inexpensive to manufacture, has a key print comparable with modern standards of black and white' photography and has a color or colors correctly placed and of subdued character.

If coloring of motion picture film` is to be carried out then the colors will be applied to the key image carrier by a. machine moving continuously, such forinstance as described in the patents to Wyckoff and Handschie l No.. 1,303,836, dated May 13, 1919 and o. 1,303,837, dated May`13, 1919 or Handschiegel-,Nd 1,316,791, dated September 23, 1919 or Taussig, No. 1,396,791, dated November 15, 1921 and 1,398,286, dated November 29, 1921.

Although I have explained the principle of my invention and described applications of the plrinciple thereof, neverthe ess I desire to ave 1t understood that the s ecific illustrations explained and describe are illustrative' merely and do not exhaustthe possible physical embodiments of means` untine having a reduced silverimage and a dye-impressed color representation of the red in the original subject.

2. A transparent carrier carrying in aI latine coating a reduced silver 1ma e and des impressionsrepresentin the re s and' b ueeens of the objects p otographed.l 3. transparent carrier carrying in a latine coating areduced silver image in lack and white and d e'impres'sions representinghthe reds 'and b ue-gree'ns of the obl jects X otographed.

4. transparent carrier; havmg ina single gelatine .coating a black to whiteV photograph and dye impressions of two partial re respectively the blue greensan the swelled- 5.- A. transparent carrier having 1n a sinof the objects photo-- gle gelatine coating on one side a reduced silver photographic completed image and one or more dye impressed partial images each of one filtered color from the original subject photographed.

(5. The process of making photographs in colors which consists in printing from color selectionA negatives onto single coated stock a black to white complete record of the 0bject photographed and then dye impressing 10 object photographed, onto the black and 15 white record.

WILLIAM V. D. KELLEY. 

